Factores determinantes de la lactancia materna exclusiva: Policlínico "Aleida Fernández". 2015 / Determinant factors of exclusive breastfeeding. "Aleida Fernández" Polyclinic. 2015

Introducción: La historia de la lactancia materna es tan antigua como la historia de la humanidad. La leche materna ha sido durante toda la existencia del ser humano el único alimento que el recién nacido y el lactante pequeño podían recibir para sobrevivir. En Cuba en 2014 se pudo apreciar que 33,2 por ciento de los infantes menores de 6 meses eran amamantados con lactancia materna exclusiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la lactancia materna exclusiva, según factores biosociales en el Policlínico Docente Aleida Fernández Chardiet del municipio La Lisa, en 2015. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal. El universo de estudio lo constituyeron 182 madres de niños nacidos durante esa etapa en el área de salud. Se realizaron distribuciones de frecuencia y cálculos porcentuales. Resultados: El 49,5 por ciento de madres mantuvo lactancia materna exclusiva por 6 meses. Solo 34,2 por ciento de madres con nivel de escolaridad de secundaria, mantuvo la lactancia materna exclusiva por 6 meses. Conclusiones: Casi la mitad de las madres mantuvieron la lactancia materna exclusiva por 6 meses. En las madres en que la lactancia materna exclusiva duró menos de 6 meses, predominaron los siguientes factores biosociales: edad menor de 20 años, nivel de escolaridad de secundaria, estudiantes, primíparas, solteras y las de familia severamente disfuncionales. La insuficiente disponibilidad de leche en las mamas fue la la causa más frecuente de supresión de la lactancia materna exclusiva(AU)

Introduction: The history of breastfeeding is as old as the history of mankind. Breast milk has been the only food that the newborn and the small infant could receive to survive during all the existence of the human being. It was observed that 33,2 percent of the infants younger than 6 months received exclusive breastfeeding in Cuba, in 2014. Objective: To characterize exclusive breastfeeding behavior according to biosocial factors in Aleida Fernández Chardiet Teaching Polyclinic, La Lisa Municipality, in the year 2015. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted. The universe of study was composed of 182 mothers of children who were born in the health area during the study period. Distribution of frequencies, and percentage calculations were carried out. Results: 49,5 percent of mothers maintained exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Only 34,2 percent of mothers with secondary school education maintained exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Conclusions:Almost half the mothers maintained exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. The following biosocial factors predominate in those mothers in whom exclusive breastfeeding lasted less than 6 months: younger than 20 years of age, secondary school education, students, primiparas, single, and mothers from severe dysfunctional families. Insufficient milk availability in the breasts was the most frequent cause of breastfeeding suppression(AU)

Association between attitudes towards Internet usage and health practices in high-school students in 2 schools in Turkey: a cross-sectional study

Excessive usage of the Internet can negatively affect health and health practices especially among youth. To examine the issue among Turkish students, this study determined the association between high-school students' attitudes towards Internet usage and their health behaviour. The sample [n = 2043] was randomly drawn from all students at two high schools in Turkey: one in Anatolia and one [a vocational school] in Istanbul. Data were collected using the Structured Questionnaire, Attitude Scale towards Internet Usage [ASTIU] and Adolescent Lifestyle Profile [ALP]. The mean age of the students was 16.3 years, 77.7% were male and 96.9% used the Internet; mean duration of Internet use was 18.8 h/week. Female students had more positive attitudes towards Internet usage. Mean scores for ASTIU and ALP were 72.58 [SD 17.64] and 111.34 [SD 16.61] respectively, which were average levels. There was a statistically significant but weak overall negative correlation between adolescents' attitudes towards Internet usage and their health behaviour. Our results concur with studies in different cultures which suggest some negative effects, of heavy Internet use

Queimaduras: pacientes autoinfligidos / Burn injuries: self-inflicted patients

INTRODUÇÃO: As queimaduras autoinfligidas geram consequências físicas, psicológicas e financeiras não só para a vítima, mas também para familiares e para sociedade. A prevalência desse tipo de acidente tem ampla variedade na literatura. O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico, a conduta e a taxa de letalidade dos pacientes com queimaduras por autoagressão atendidos em centro de tratamento de queimados, como uma forma de contribuir para intervenção efetiva em fatores e comportamentos de risco para tais acidentes. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo por meio da análise dos prontuários de pacientes internados na Unidade de Queimados do Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Brasília - DF, no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2012. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 88 pacientes autoinfligidos, 54,5% do gênero feminino, idade média de 33 anos, média da superfície corporal queimada de 36%. A média de tempo de internação foi de 23 dias. A chama aberta foi o agente etiológico das queimaduras em 97,7% dos casos e o álcool foi o agente acelerador em 68,2%. A taxa de letalidade foi de 32,9%. Sessenta pacientes apresentavam comorbidades, sendo os distúrbios psiquiátricos e o etilismo os principais. CONCLUSÃO: As vítimas de queimaduras por autoagressão são geralmente mulheres, com idade média de 33 anos, utilizando álcool como agente da queimadura, afetando em média 36% da superfície corporal, com distúrbios psiquiátricos associados em 32,9% e com taxa de letalidade de 32,9%. No âmbito social, deve-se pensar em medidas públicas que detectem os pacientes em potencial para que seja instituída terapêutica adequada.

INTRODUCTION: Self-inflicted burn injuries lead to physical, psychological, and economic consequences not only to the victims but also to their families and the society. The prevalence of this type of accident varies greatly throughout the existing literatures. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile, behavior, and lethality rate in patients with self-inflicted burn injuries who received treatment in a burn unit, as a way to contribute to the effective intervention to minimize the effects of risk factors and behaviors associated with this type of accident. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective study in which we analyzed medical records of patients hospitalized in the burn unit of Asa Norte's Regional Hospital, DF, Brazil, during the period between January 2008 and December 2012. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 88 patients with self-inflicted burn injuries, of whom 54.5% were female, with a mean age of 33 years and mean burned body surface area of 36%. The mean hospitalization time was 23 days. Open flame was the etiological agent in 97.7% of the burn cases, and alcohol was the accelerating agent in 68.2% of these cases. The lethality rate was 32.9%. Sixty patients had comorbidities, with psychiatric disorders and alcoholism being the most common. CONCLUSION: The patients with self-inflicted burn injuries were generally women, with a mean age of 33 years, who used alcohol as accelerating agent. The mean body surface area affected was 36%. Of the patients, 32.9% had associated psychiatric disorders. The lethality rate was 32.9%. From a social perspective, public measures should be established to detect potential patients in order to administer appropriate therapies.